Carabanchel Social Housing in Madrid by Foreign Office Architects

Since touching on my previous post on a residential mass housing project being nominated for the Stirling prize, I decided to write this week about another awarded housing project: the Carabanchel Social Housing by Foreign Office Architects. It has been awarded the RIBA European Award in 2008. Not only that, it is also implementing sustainable architecture.

FOA‘s architecture usually puts a brilliant idea in every single project it conceives, always with a strong concept and a direct delivery. At The Yokohama International Port Terminal it was the "no return pier" with roof acting as place, for the
BBC Music Box (not built)  it was the transparency of the skin,
here they have designed a piece of municipal housing
which shutters up to become a bamboo box, shielding the residents from
the fierce sun of the central Spanish plateau.

Bamboo is the main protagonist here. An unexpected material to find as skin to a building, much less a public housing one. For most cities in the world, building public housing results in non-descript blocks of cheap looking appartments which are as bad for the casual observer as they are for their inhabitants. Not so for Madrid. Their public sector works office, EMVS, assigns well know architects to make interesting buildings for them that are also offering a nice space to live in to their inhabitants. Enter FOA at Caravanchel and, with sustainability as a pre-requisite, the bamboo skin/shutters idea was brought to fruition.

Caravanchel 16 is a simple rectangular 93-unit building. The appartments have various types and sizes.
The building is organized around the north-south axis: that means it
faces the harsh Spanish east-west sun for most of the day. To avoid
the heat gain from the sun, the architects have covered the facades
with a 1.5 metre terrace enclosed with bamboo shutters. Mounted on folding frames, they can be opened whenever the occupants
want to. A constant play of shadow and light keeps going on throughout the day, making for interesting changes at the facades – it could very well be called a living facade!

The concrete framed box hides in its base a car park and generous storage rooms for each apartment. Elegant ramps reach inside the building from the place. The
common parts are robust, white walls and galvanised handrails. The
bedrooms are tiny but living spaces generous and all the rooms are
easily reconfigurable. The louvres not only provide the necessary protection from the blazing
summer sun, but also enhance security and, because they are completely
under the control of each unit’s occupants, they also highlight the
latter’s spatial independence.

Carabanc